Leydig cell tumor of intermediate differentiation, sertoli. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. They are potentially malignant but, except for extraovarian spread, which is generally agreed to indicate poor prognosis other criteria to judge the. In this study, gcts not only the only tumor that found but also present with high incidence in. Immunohistochemistry of ovarian granulosa cell tumours. Surgical removal of the affected ovary was recommended.
Fiftyone of these patients had been referred to the netherlands committee for ovarian tumors in the period 1966 to 1985 while 10 cases originally diagnosed as granulosa cell tumor and referred to the rotterdam radiotherapy institute for treatment were retrieved. The incidence of granulosa cell tumor in buffaloes was 18. A composite mucinous and granulosa cell tumor of the ovary in a 76yearold woman is herein reported. The foxl2 c4w mutation is characteristic of adult granulosa cell. Although granulosa cells normally occur only in the ovary. It was suggested that mesonephric cells already closely associated with the oogonia proliferated throughout development to form the granulosa cell layer.
Granulosa cell tumor of the ovary is the most common malignant sex cordstromal tumor as well as the most common estrogenproducing ovarian tumor. Adult granulosa cell tumor of the ovary histopathology duration. Clinical presentation patients may present with nonspecific symptoms such as abdominal pain, distention, or bloating. Granulosa cell tumor of the ovary radiology reference. For language access assistance, contact the ncats public information officer. Crum 2015 the utility of immunohistochemistry in the differential diagnosis of gynecologic disorders. Juvenile granulosa cell tumor jgct of the ovary account for 67% of sex cordstromal tumor in the pediatric population 1 and make up 5%12% of all ovarian neoplasms in childhood and adolescence. Ovarian sex cordstromal tumours and their mimics pathology. Department of pathology, the university of texas m. Ali hels, kitahara g, nibe k, yamaguchi r, horii y, zaabel s, et al.
Adult granulosa cell tumor of left ovary of 92 year old mexican american woman. Tert promoter mutation in adult granulosa cell tumor of. These tumors have been reported in all ages and breeds, even in pregnant mares, but are most common in five to tenyearold mares. A new classification of ovarian granulosa cell tumor based on. Composite mucinous and granulosa cell tumor of the ovary. Granulosa cell tumor and concurrent endometrial cancer with. Granulosa cell tumor of the ovary is a rare type of ovarian cancer that accounts for approximately 2% of all ovarian tumors.
Our aim was to evaluate the need for hysterectomy in patients with gcts by. Granulosa cell tumors of the ovary cause higher than normal levels of estrogen in a womans body. The annual incidence of gct among females in the united. Foxl2 is a sensitive and specific marker for sex cordstromal tumors of the ovary. Jan 07, 2016 granulosa cell tumor of the ovary is a rare type of ovarian cancer that accounts for approximately 2% of all ovarian tumors. It is an uncommon primary malignant tumor of the ovary and represents 2% to 5% of all ovarian cancers. Aug 18, 2017 twenty of 22 cases of adult granulosa cell tumours expressed h. In the section of sertolileydig cell tumors, particular attention is focused on unusual tumors with heterologous.
Granulosa cell tumors of the ovary represent b5% of malignant. Granulosa cell tumours are tumours that arise from granulosa cells. May 11, 2007 histopathology ovary granulosa cell tumor. Tert promoter mutation in adult granulosa cell tumor of the. If you have problems viewing pdf files, download the latest version of adobe reader. At laparotomy this tumor proved to be a solid and cystic mass measuring 10 cm in greatest diameter. More aneuploidy in juvenile than adult granulosa cell tumors. The important prognostic factor is staging of the tumor. Page 2 of 9 j vet pathol res, an open access journal volume 2 issue 1 102. Ovarian tumors arising from sex cord stroma account for 5% to 7% of all ovarian neoplasms and originate from the granulosa, theca, or interstitial cells in addition to stromal fibroblasts.
High molecular weight caldesmon expression in ovarian adult. In 20, it was proposed that both granulosa cells and the ovarian surface epithelial cells are instead derived from a precursor cell called gonadalridge. Granulosa cell tumors are rare sex cord ovarian tumors that are formed by cells believed to be derived from those that surround the germinal cells in the ovarian follicles. Granulosa cell tumours represent 90% of all ovarian scsts and constitute 5% of ovarian cancers. Epithelial, germ cell, and stromal cancers of the ovary, fallopian tube, and peritoneum are staged surgically. In other types of cancer such as epithelial, the malignant tumor forms on the surface of the ovary or reproductive organs. Dont be surprised if the pathologists report is very vague. The enlarged left ovary was removed figure 3 and a biopsy was submitted for histopathologic analysis, which confirmed the diagnosis of a granulosatheca cell tumor figure 4. May 11, 2007 histopathology ovary theca cell tumor. Primary surgery ensures accurate diagnosis and ensures tumor tissue for additional testing. Objective concurrent presence of endometrial hyperplasia or cancer in patients with granulosa cell tumors gcts is common, with reported incidences of 25. It often occurs in the young and has distinctive pathologic features.
Granulosa cell tumor of the ovary journal of clinical. Granulosa cell tumor and concurrent endometrial cancer. The differential diagnosis of squamous lesions of the uterine cervix. Stage 2 granulosa cell as the cells had surfaced on the tumor which was also stuck to my bladder and now i find myself wondering if it will return there.
Granulosa cell tumors of the ovary comprise a distinct subset of ovarian cancers that account for approximately 5% of all ovarian malignancies 6. Leydig cell tumor poorly differentiated sarcomatoid, retiform 2. A majority of these tumors are diagnosed in the early stages and therefore are associated with a favorable outcome. The common types are granulosa cell tumors, fibrothecomas, sclerosing stromal tumors, and sertolileydig cell tumors. Ct and mr imaging of ovarian tumors with emphasis on. Prognostic factors in adult granulosa cell tumor of the ovary. Sex cordstromal tumors represent approximately 8% of all ovarian tumors and are believed to arise from andor to contain combinations of the sex cord and. Patients may present with vaginal bleeding caused by endometrial hyperplasia or uterine cancer as a result. Granulosa cell tumor and concurrent endometrial cancer with 18 ffdg uptake abstract the findings and the role of fluorine18fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomographycomputed tomography 18 ffdg petct for the diagnosis of ovarian granulosa cell tumor og are described. Also diligent endometrial pathology has to be sorted to rule out endometrial carcinoma. Granulosa cell tumor of the ovary requires regular, longterm. The embryological origin of granulosa cells remains controversial. Well for being such a rare form of ovc, there seems to be a lot of us here. Overview of sex cordstromal tumors of the ovary uptodate.
Genetic and rare diseases information center gard po box 8126, gaithersburg, md 208988126 tollfree. Some studies have found that thecoma originates from the ovarian medulla, and mutant foxl2 of granulosa cells is a potential driver in the pathogenesis of adult granulosa cell tumours. Ovarian sex cordstromal tumors archives of pathology. The granulosa cell tumor was found in an old stumptail macaque macaca arctoldes. Shown is the schematic diagram of the tert promoter region, representative chromatograms of the two hotspot mutations c228t. However, gct of the ovary requires regular and longterm followup with a doctor, including an annual blood test to check for markers that could indicate the cancers. Many of the cysts were lined with a benign mucinous epithelium of the endocervical type, and solid areas contained a proliferation of granulosa. The incidence of endometrial hyperplasia and cancer in. Granulosa cell tumors gct of the ovary account for 2% of all ovarian tumors.
Adult granulosa cell tumors are far more common than the juvenile type and account for 95% of all granulosa cell tumors. In granulosa cell tumor, the cancer cells turn an ovary into a tumor. The first, the luteinized thecoma with sclerosing peritonitis, a rare lesion, is controversial with regard to whether it is neoplastic or nonneoplastic an unsettled issue. These tumours are part of the sex cordgonadal stromal tumour or nonepithelial group of tumours. A new classification of ovarian granulosa cell tumor based on histopathology in egyptian cows and buffaloes salah deeb, nesreen m safwat, mahmoud b elbegawey and khalid a elnesr faculty of veterinary medicine, department of pathology, benisuef university, beni suef, egypt. Adult granulosa cell tumors are the ovarian tumor type most commonly associated with. This tumor is classified into juvenile gct and adult gct, and the majority of the cases are the adult type. Norway received april 7, 1978 a retrospective study of 118 cases of granulosa cell tumor of the ovary with a followup from 5 to more than 30 years was made. Adult granulosa cell tumor gct of the ovary is oftentimes a hormonally active, stromal cell neoplasm that is distinguished by its ability to secrete sex steroids such as estrogen. This type of tumor is known as a sex cordstromal tumor and usually occurs in adults. Ultrasonographic examination granulosa cell tumours typically have a multicystic honeycomb appearance with some areas of solid tissue. Although the adult granulosa cell tumour typically has cells with scant cytoplasm in some cases the tumour cells are luteinised and others have. Pathology and classification of ovarian tumors chen 2003.
The granulosa cell tumor of the ovary foundation gctf exists to raise funds for granulosa cell tumor of the ovary gct, ovarian cancer research. Characteristics and treatment results of recurrence in. The utility of immunohistochemistry in the differential. We report an additional case of adulttype granulosa cell tumor and emphasize certain aspects of its clinical behavior, as well as the immunophenotyping characteristics of this tumor. In addition to the tumor stage, residual disease, patient age, tumor size. Diagnosed and treated early, its not likely to return. Exploratory laparatomy revealed hemoperitoneum with a large mesenteric mass measuring.
More than 95% of ovarian agcts harbor a 402cg missense. Aug 30, 2018 prognostic factors in adult granulosa cell tumor of the ovary. Granulosa cell tumor of the ovary genetic and rare. Sex cordstromal tumors of the ovary are rare ovarian neoplasms, which arise from stromal cells and primitive sex cords in the ovary. Granulosa cell tumor of the ovary genetic and rare diseases. Usually, younger aged women have more prevalence to develop granulosa cell tumor.
In the 1970s, evidence emerged that the first cells to make contact with the oogonia were of mesonephric origin. Granulosa cell tumors of the ovary are a type of sex cord stromal ovarian tumor. Dec 01, 2012 well for being such a rare form of ovc, there seems to be a lot of us here. A current perspective on the pathological assessment of foxl2 in adulttype granulosa cell tumours of the ovary. Two major forms of granulosa cell tumors are recognized. Granulosa cell tumor is a slowgrowing cancer that starts in the granulosa cells that surround the eggs within the ovary. Granulosa cell tumor of the adult type archives of. Granulosa cell tumor is a type of stromal tumor affected at the sex cord of the ovary 1,2.
Granulosa cell tumor of the ovary ovarian cancer sex. Small, bland, cuboidal to polygonal cells in various patterns, including callexner bodies small folliclelike structures filled with acidophilic material, macrofollicular, trabecular, solid and insular patterns. As the name indicates, they are composed of granulosa cells but may also contain an admixture of theca cells. Our aim was to evaluate the need for hysterectomy in patients with gcts by studying the.
Within recent years granulosathecacell tumors have attracted much interest, primarily because of their hormonal function. Paraffinembedded material of 47 ovarian tumours primarily diagnosed as granulosa cell tumours, including 2 cases of juvenile granulosa cell tumour, were studied immunohistochemically for the presence of intermediate filament proteins, epithelial membrane antigen and tumour markers. The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest. In this topic, we will focus on epithelial carcinomas and generally refer to carcinoma at. This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the same title. High molecular weight caldesmon expression in ovarian. Ct and mri findings of sex cordstromal tumor of the ovary. Granulosathecacell tumor of the ovary in children jama. Removal of tumor bulk may improve or restore host immune competence.
No patient had liver metastasis or extraabdominal spread at the time of primary surgery. They account for most of the hormonally active ovarian tumors. Consequently, bilateral salpingooophorectomy and hysterectomy is usually recommended in patients with a gct, but this remains debatable. A 54 years old female patient presented with a mass and acute pain in abdomen. Within recent years granulosa theca cell tumors have attracted much interest, primarily because of their hormonal function. Immunohistochemistry in the cervix is helpful primarily in the differentiation of benign reactive epithelial changes from either squamous or columnar neoplasia. Granulosa cell tumors of the ovary are rare, indolent stromal tumors which often secrete hormones like estrogen. They typically present with abdominal pain and vaginal bleeding. Adult granulosa cell tumors of the ovary are rare neoplasms, accounting for less than 5% of all ovarian malignancies. Ovarian granulosa cell tumor gct is a malignant tumor originating from the sexcord stromal cells of the ovary. Extraovarian granulosa cell tumor gct is a very uncommon tumor, assumed to arise from the ectopic gonadal tissue along the embryonal route of the genital ridge.
Granulosatheca cell tumors in the mare granulosatheca cell tumors gcts represent the most common group of tumors that develop in the equine ovary and probably comprise 2. Pathology and classification of ovarian tumors chen. Almost 2 to 5 percent of ovarian neoplasms are mainly granulosa cell tumor. Pathology the tumors were mostly unilateral with no side predominance. The incidence of endometrial hyperplasia and cancer in 1031. Although granulosa cells normally occur only in the ovary, granulosa cell tumours occur in both. Granulosa cell tumor of the ovary ovarian cancer sex chord mesenchymal. A new classification of ovarian granulosa cell tumor based.
Plasma antimullerian hormone as a biomarker for bovine granulosatheca cell tumors. A clinicopathological study of 118 cases with longterm followup. The different tumor types that arise in the ovary are linked to the different cell types that are present at this stage of development. Ovarian granulosa cell tumor accounts for 23% of all ovarian cancer patients. According to the 2014 world health organization histological classification of ovarian tumors, ovarian granulosa cell tumors are divided into two types. They occur predominantly in peri and postmenopausal.
They are esterogen secreting tumors and present as large, complex, ovarian masses. Deeb s, safwat nm, elbegawey mb, elnesr ka 2018 a new classification of ovarian granulosa cell tumor based on histopathology in egyptian cows and buffaloes. These tumors are the principal feminizing neoplasms of the ovary. Granulosa cell tumor of the ovary is a rare ovarian entity.
We are not able to provide medical advice or cancer specialist referrals. Staging and histopathology helps in prediction of survival. If there is asymmetry in ovary size yet the smaller ovary is cycling, then a granulosa cell tumour is less likely and the enlarged ovary is more likely to have a haematoma or teratoma. Testicular granulosa cell tumor of the adult type is a very rare tumor, and to date, only a small number of cases have been reported.
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